Macbeth: What themes does Act 5 Scene 3 have? And how does the scene develop those themes?Mainly from when macbeth is boasting about having to fear...

(5.3) mostly develops the themes of fearlessness, nihilism, and  psychological afflictions. MacBeth takes it literally that "no man that's born of woman / shall e'er have power upon" him-and forgets that women can deliver by Cesarean.

MacBeth is sick at heart, and feels he has "liv'd long enough" so he tends to approach everything now from a nihilist's perspective. This is true especially in his "tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow" soliloquy.

Finally, the theme of psychological affliction  appears as MacBeth tells the doctor that he cannot "cure her of that" and cannot "minister to a mind diseased" or "pluck from the memory a rooted sorrow" or "raze out the written troubles of the brain."

How did the Queen fool her husband in "The Lute Player"? Should she have fooled him, and should she have taken him back?

When the King was captured in battle, he sent word to his Queen to sell all they owned and use the money to pay a ransom for his freedom. Realizing there was no safe way for her to do that, she devises a clever plan to free him. By disguising herself as a minstrel and playing the lute beautifully, she makes her way to the foreign land where her King has been imprisoned, charms the lord who holds him, and wins the King's freedom. However, even after he has been released and they have made their way safely home, she does not reveal her identity to him, slipping back into the castle and dressing as herself. This leads to the story's conclusion when the King meets the Queen again, thinking that she had made no effort to save him. He rejects her bitterly until she assumes her minstrel disguise and plays for him; she then drops the disguise, after declaring her love for him. They are reunited to celebrate his rescue and her wisdom.

Why exactly she keeps up her disguise even after the King has been freed and she is safe to reveal her identity is not made clear in the story, but without this deception, the story's theme could not have been developed. Even though her husband treated her bitterly, the Queen does not blame him. He believed that by not ransoming him, she had shown that she loved money more than his life. He never considered any other possibility. He was wrong to have lost faith in her, as he soon discovers. Her love for him was strong enough, however, to forgive him, even though he had doubted her love. The stronger love, the story seems to say, is unconditional, remaining faithful in the face of adversity.

In Act I, Scene 3. the audience meets Macbeth for the first time. He refers to the murder using euphemisms. His soliloquy reveals his troubled...

Macbeth and Banquo come upon the weird sisters, the three witches, who offer predictions for both men. They greet Macbeth as thane of Glamis, thane of Cawdor, and "king hereafter." Macbeth is surprised. He knows that he is already thane of Glamis, but the thane of Cawdor and the king are both still alive. He cannot fathom how he, then, could attain either title:

By Sinel's death I know I am thane of Glamis;
But how of Cawdor? the thane of Cawdor lives,
A prosperous gentleman; and to be king
Stands not within the prospect of belief,
No more than to be Cawdor.

Shortly thereafter, Ross and Angus arrive and announce that the king is going to give Macbeth the title of thane of Cawdor. At this point, Macbeth begins speaking to the audience in a series of asides (although not, technically, a soliloquy, where the speaker would be alone on stage, the aside allows the speaker to state his thoughts out loud to the audience while other character onstage remain unaware).

In his asides, Macbeth reveals that he is beginning to believe the prophecy of the three witches, because he is already thane of Glamis and now is thane of Cawdor, so the kingship may not be far out of reach: "Glamis, and thane of Cawdor!/The greatest is behind."

Macbeth goes on to intimate that the only way he could become king would be to murder the present king and take the throne by force. He cautions himself that he is only imagining murder, not actually planning to commit it:

Present fears
Are less than horrible imaginings:
My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical,
Shakes so my single state of man that function
Is smother'd in surmise, and nothing is
But what is not.

Macbeth dismisses his own concerns by pointing out that he has become thane of Cawdor by chance, so perhaps he will attain the kingship by chance as well.

In "Everyday Use", do any of the characters change from the beginning to end of the story?

While none of the three women in "Everyday Use" change, as you say, from beginning to end, the mother reaches a realization near the end of the story, and, thus, she is the only character who may be termed dynamic. 

In this humorous story, Dee, who thinks she has gone back to her African roots by changing her name to Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo, arrives from at the home of her youth where she hopes to pick up heirlooms that she can put on display upon her return to the city where she now dwells.  She claims items in the house that she wants, even the quilts which Mama has promised to her meek sister, Maggie.  Having been conditioned to not get what she wants, Maggie acquiesces and tells Dee that she may have the quilts.  It is at this point that the mother finally sees the girls clearly.  For, she realizes that Maggie understands that heirlooms are meant to be used out of respect for them, and she will use the quilts.  Dee, on the other hand, will merely display them as artifacts.  As such, the quilts and all that Dee takes will be reduced to some museum piece without life and meaning. 

Quickly snatching the quilts from Dee, Mama hands them to Maggie.  Maggie, like her mother, sees history in their possessions.  She and her mother see the work of hands that belonged to family members, work that should stay alive with "everyday use."  Dee does not see this; to her history is merely in appearances.  Clearly, the desire of Dee to make the quilts mere items of appearance has given Mama an insight into Maggie, who has respect for the items which she has used all her life.  As a result, her maternal sympathies have changed toward Maggie, indicating also where Alice Walker's sympathies lie.

Miss Walker, who also suffered as injury as does Maggie, joined the Civil Rights Movement as does Dee.  But, Miss Walker staunchly defends the oral tradition of her people.  And, this story attests to this belief as the quilts must remain functional, not merely historical hangings.

What suspicion of Macduff does Malcolm voice in Act 4, Scene 3 of Macbeth?

Malcolm wonders whether Macduff is a paid agent of Macbeth: "You may [deserve] of him through me, and wisdom to offer up a weak, poor, innocent lamb t'appease an angry god (lines 17-20)."

He also questions why Macduff suddenly left his family unprotected to come to England:"Why in that rawness left you wife and child, those precious motives, those strong knots of love, without leave-taking?(lines 33-35).

To test Macduff, Malcolm says he is far worse than Macbeth and that it is Macbeth who will be revealed as the innocent lamb. Macduff states in response that it is Macbeth who is the truly evil character, thus securing Malcolm's trust.

Note: all line numbers are taken from the Folger Shakespeare Library edition of the text.

In World War II, how was Hitler able to get away with his antisemitic policies?Weren't the people of Germany outraged by Hitler's policies?

It is important to understand that Hitler did not invent antisemitism in Europe.  There is a long history of antisemitism in Europe, dating back hundreds, if not a thousand years. Spain and  Portugal expelled Jews in the 1400's, and other countries did, too, from time to time, both before and after the 1400's. Russia has a history of antisemitism, as does France.

When Hitler came to power, there were serious economic problems in Germany, a depression, high unemployment, and inflation so severe that it was said that it took a bushel basket of money to buy a loaf of bread.  Some of Germany's economic woes were part of a general, world-wide slump, but an additional problem for Germany was the incredible  debt it had to pay the winners of World War I, the United States, England, and the other allies in that war.

So, the people of Germany were suffering and when Hitler came along with a "solution" that placed the blame on Jewish people, he was drawing on a long history of antisemitism, not a new idea. History tells us that not everyone along with the program, but many people were desperate and likely to be antisemitic anyhow.

Another factor was the gradualism of Hitler's campaign to rid the country of Jews. First Jewish people lost jobs, then they had to wear yellow stars to identify themselves, and so on.  Before anyone had a chance to really assess what was happening, Jews were going to concentration camps and dying.

While I have never seen a newsreel with Hitler speaking, I have read that he was a mesmerizing speaker, and that people were eaily persuaded by him.  This also might have been a factor in the ease with which he did what he did.

I should also mention that antisemitism still exists, in Europe, in the United States, and in other countries as well.  Could this happen again? I would like to think it could not, but there certainly are no guarantees.

In Chapter V of The Great Gatsby what arouses Nick's suspicions about Gatsby's past? What suspicion does this apparent lie reinforce?

By the time the reader reaches Chapter V in Gatsby, he or she realizes that Nick doubts the veracity of many of Gatsby's statements.  For example, the whole time that Gatsby tells Nick about his background, he keeps looking over to the side at Nick to see if he is "buying" his story.  Gatsby also just happens to have his war medal and photo of his time at Oxford with him to provide proof to Nick that he is telling the truth. 

Thus, in Chapter 5 when Gatsby tells Nick that it took him "just three years to earn the money that bought" his immense house, Nick is ready to challenge Gatsby.  He says to Gatsby:

I thought you inherited your money.

Gatsby is quick on his feet and tells Nick that he lost most of his money in the "panic" and then almost makes Nick feel guilty for questioning him.  He must convince Nick that he was not lying about inheriting his money for two reasons.  First, he wants Nick to believe and trust him.  Secondly, Gatsby wants so badly to fit in with the "Old Money" crowd, and he will not be able to do so if people know that he earned his money, especially through illegal means.

In answer to your second question, the lie reinforces Nick's general disbelief in Gatsby's history.  It is not that he dislikes Gatsby--he actually wants to believe the millionaire, but as an objective narrator, Nick simply cannot overlook Gatsby's lies because he likes him.