Sunday, November 22, 2015

Summarizing "I have a dream" by Martin Luther King. I understand that this speech is about acceptance to black people, and civil rights...but...

Dr. King's most famous speech draws heavily on his theological education and his superior command of the art of rhetoric.  The speech was given in front of the Lincoln Memorial, not coincidentally, and King begins by alluding to Lincoln, the Civil War and the Emancipation Proclamation, which ended slavery in the rebellious Southern states.  From there, he moves on to the metaphor of the "check" of freedom, and extends it by stating that the check has been returned due to insufficient funds.  He discusses the civil rights movement that has brought him, and the enormous listening crowd, to this point, and as the speech approaches its conclusion, he increasingly speaks with the fervor and intonation of the engaging preacher that he was, using the repetition of phrases such as "We will not be satisfied" and "I have a dream," and "Let freedom ring," to emphasize his ideas and create a swelling wave of emotion in the audience.   A paraphrasing of, and then direct quotation from a passage from the book of Isaiah reminds us again of King's religious training, as well as the idea that freedom is not an American dream, but a human right. 



I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together."



King's final lines allude to a Negro spiritual as he comes back to his introductory idea, that although blacks were freed of slavery in 1865, they have not actually ever been a free people.

Within which literature genre would you classify Brave New World? Dystopian story? What are typical elements for it?

Brave New World is definitely a dytopian novel. This genre often appears within the larger science fiction genre, and features an imaginary (usually future) society which demonstrates the catastrophic outcome of some present-day trend. In this case, BNW features a society which has been completely given over to technology and pleasure. Aldous Huxley was clearly commenting on the modern trend to move away from nature towards a more artificial life dominated by sensual pleasure. He seems to have believed that our giving ourselves over to pleasure robs us of a certain spirituality, without which our lives will lose meaning and we will become the mere tools of our rulers.

Explain how Sissy values marriage in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn.I need the answer for homework....hurry please!

Sissy doesn't value marriage very much.  It is a societal requirement, something that comes as a consequence of her free-spirited, highly-sexed nature, and it is also something which she can manipulate to suit her convenience. 


Sissy was first married, to a man of twenty-five, when she was fourteen.  It was not her first romance, and it occurred because the man beat up her father when challenged "instead of the other way around".  Sissy was married at City Hall, swearing that she was eighteen, not fourteen. 


Sissy's first husband was a good man, and she "demanded little from him except a lot of love-making".  By the time she was twenty, she had borne four children, all of them stillborn.  Deciding that "nothing but death grew out of their love-making", Sissy asked her husband to leave her.


Sissy was married a second time a short while later.  Because divorce "was complicated and expensive", she returned to City Hall and, "saying nothing about her previous marriage", was married again.  Sissy reasoned illogically but conveniently that since she was a Catholic, she didn't believe in divorce, and that since she had not been married in the Church in the first place, it had not been a real marriage and shouldn't stand in the way of her marrying a second time.  After giving birth to four more dead children, however, Sissy dissolved this marriage as well, telling her Protestant husband that "since the Catholic Church didn't recognize her marriage, she didn't recognize it either".  Sissy eventually married a third time, again at City Hall (Chapter 7).

Why is it significant that Don Pedro and his men are returning from a war?

It's significant for a number of reasons.


First, it sets the backdrop to a romantic comedy which is concerned with the relationships between men and women. At the start of the play, the men have been absent at war. Now they are returning, victorious, and the thoughts of both men and women turn from war to love. Thus Claudio rapidly abandons his soldierly self and falls in love with Hero. Benedick and Beatrice are able to resume the 'merry war' that has always been part of their meetings in the past.


Second, the war gives a motive for Don John's hatred and jealousy of his half-brother, Don Pedro, and of Claudio. Don John, being illegitimate, could never achieve the status or power of Don Pedro, and used the war as a pretext for staging a rebellion against him. He failed, and the two were reconciled - though Don John is merely biding his time to make trouble.


Third, war is used in the play as a way of reflecting on relationships. Benedick is disgusted by the way that Claudio loses his masculinity, as he sees it, by losing interest in soldierly things  ('a good armour', 'the drum and the fife'), and becoming a lover. The fact that Benedick is so convinced that this will never happen to him of course makes it all the more funny and delicious when it does!


Finally, Don Pedro offers to help Claudio win Hero's hand in marriage by undertaking what's called a 'proxy wooing' - that is, he courts Hero in Claudio's name. In setting up his plan, Shakespeare has Don Pedro speak in noticeably military terms: he will 'take her hearing prisoner with the force/ And strong encounter of my amorous tale.'

Saturday, November 21, 2015

What types of conflict are in "The Tell-Tale Heart" and how are they resolved?

The main conflict is internal - the narrator vs. his own deteriorating mind. The fact that he does commit the murder, based on nothing but an adverse opinion of the man's eye, and that he then hears the beating of the heart coming through the floor creates the rising action and suspense. The conflict is resolved in the final scene, when the narrator confesses to his actions, and ends the horrific sound of the beating heart.

In chapter 12, what is the significance of Sam's statement "Roger sharpened a stick at both ends"?In chapter 12, Sam tells ralph "Roger sharpened a...

In chapter 8, when Jack and his group savagely kill the sow, Jack decides to offer a sacrifice to appease the beast, even though he is reluctant to openly admit there is a beast.  He orders the boys to sharpen a stick at both ends.  On one end, he plunges the sow's head and then he sticks the other end of the stick into the ground.  When, in chapter 12, Sam tells Ralph that Roger sharpened a stick at both ends, he is inferring that Ralph's head, once Ralph is caught will be plunged onto a stick and that stick will be put in the ground to display Ralph's head in the same way that the sow's head was displayed.  Ralph can't quite grasp the meaning of this because he still believes in civility and he is having a difficult time believing that the other boys want to hunt and kill him as if he were an animal.  He hasn't truly learned yet what the Lord of the Flies told Simon - that the evil is within each one of the them.

What is the conflict that the framework narrator faces and how is it resolved?

In "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County", the framework narrator is looking for Rev. Leonidas Smiley and he is told by a friend of his that he should ask a man named Simon Wheeler about him.  THe problem is that once he finds Simon Wheeler, Wheeler tells him a story about a man named Jim Smiley and proceeds to tell him a boring and monotonous story about him.  Therefore, the conflict is that he is being told a story about a man that he never asked about and can not get out of the situation that he is in -- he's stuck listening to Wheeler's story.  The conflict is resolved at the end of the framework story when another person who is in the bar calls Simon Wheeler from across the room.  Wheeler goes to speak to the person and the framework narrator is then free to get up and leave.