Compare and contrast a theme in Hawthorne's "The Birthmark" and Melville's "Bartleby the Scrivener, A Tale of Wall Street."

One theme shared by "The Birthmark" by Nathaniel Hawthorne and "Bartleby the Scrivener, A Tale of Wall Street" by Herman Melville is the thematic idea of freedom and dominance. While both stories address the theme, they approach it in differing manners.

In Hawthorne's, the question of domimance versus freedom centers symbolically on the conflict between science and nature. Science in Hawthorne's era was seen as the means by which humankind could finally dominate nature and tame its destructive power of disease and deformity. Alymer's quest to so dominate by removing Georgiana's birthmark lead to her death; therefore science has failed in its dominance of nature, as nature's course--death--wins out in the end.

In Melville's, the question of dominance versus freedom centers symbolically on the conflict of one individual (or group) with another. Melville explores the ideas of what constitutes an individual's freedom. Bartleby hasan idea of personal freedom that violates the socially acceptable ideas of freedom (it is to the lawyer's credit that Bartleby believes he is safe to exercise his idea of freedom). In the end, beacuse the lawyer feels compelled to assert society's idea of a proper display of freedom, Bartleby's personal freedom is dominated and he contributes to his own death.

What is the reason behind symbolizing "war monument" in the "Cat in the Rain" by Ernest Hemingway?or why ernest hemingway uesd war menoment in this...

The war monument can symbolize several things in the story. First, it contrasts with the public gardens. Gardens are often symbolic of new life. The war monument reminds people of death. These two symbols are juxtaposed in the story because they serve as a metaphor for the marriage of George and his wife. She wants a baby and new life in their marriage. George, on the other hand, is content with things as they are, even though his marriage seems to be dying. Neither his wife nor George really communicate during the story and the fact that the wife finally gets a cat from the innkeeper suggests she will have to have her needs met by someone else than George. Thus, the war monument is a symbol for the war between George and his wife and the possibility the marriage will eventually die.

What are the major subcultures in New Orleans?

The history of New Orleans reflects is converging of different historical traditions into one city.  One representation of identity that is present is the African- American culture.  Being a center of the South where slavery was seen an integral part of life, African America culture developed in the city and is an inseparable part of it.  After the Civil War, its port status    provided much work to African- Americans, former slaves who were denied education opportunities.  The presence of French culture is reflected in New Orleans, as it was the centre point of the French territory in the New World.  Fundamentally different from other America cities, American newcomers from the South as well as the North were surprised when they encountered the prevailing French language of the city, its dominant Catholicism, its bawdy sensual delights.  This cultural presence is there today.  A reflection of this would be the Cajun culture, a group of individuals who hail from French background, residing mostly in Louisiana.  Cajun dialects and cultural expressions and forms of speech are present in the city. In the modern setting, the cultures of New Orleans have been defined by a post- Katrina element, one that reflected a poor state of federal readiness to natural disasters.  When Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans, so many of its inhabitants were impacted that it almost created a type of cultural bond within its culture, creating its own subculture.

What does this quote below mean? Atticus said something about the reasons why he was going to protect Tom Robinson?"The main one is, if I didn't, I...

First, this quote defines Atticus's character.  When he says that he could not hold his head up in town if he didn't defend Tom, he means that he has spent his life trying to do what is right and moral.  He knows, and he truly believes that his town knows, that the right thing to do is to defend and protect Tom from a racist, false accusation.

The second part of his quote--"I couldn't represent this county in the legislature"--establishes that Atticus does not simply try to live a personally moral life.  He wants his county to exemplify a group of people who are just and forward-thinking.  Because of his strong moral attributes, it would go against Atticus's ideology to know that his county really cares nothing about justice and to have to represent them with passion and loyalty to others.  Atticus sees Tom's case as a bellringer of how his county and small town will be remembered, and he wants no part in going down in history as one who contributed to prejudice and simple-mindedness.

Finally, Atticus is such an ideal father because he strives to teach by example.  All of the morals and lessons he imparts to his children are ones that he truly believes.  He doesn't simply tell them to live those morals because they will be better people; he lives those morals himself because he believes them himself and hopes to make the world a more just place.

List why the components of fitness are important for tennis?

The main components of fitness that one would need for playing any sport, but specifically tennis are those of speed, cardiovascular fitness, flexibility and agility.  Strength and power are also necessary for playing tennis.  Body composition and cardiovascular endurance are necessary components for the game of tennis.

Why these components of fitness are important to the tennis player are that they prevent injuries and allow the player to play the game without risking a heart attack, shortness of breath or muscle injury.

How does the graveyard scene in Act 1, scene 5 of "Hamlet" contribute to the audience's understanding of Hamlet's character?

In "Hamlet," the appearance of the ghost of his father is most disturbing to Hamlet, of course. Yet, the king's spirit demands that Hamlet avenge his murder--"If thou hast nature in thee, bear it not" (I,v,81)--but  not punish the queen for marrying his murderer, his brother:

Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive/Against thy mother aught.  Leaver her to heaven,/ And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge/To prick and sting her (I,v,85-88)

This mixed order serves to create for Hamlet an anguish which halts his revenge against Claudius for four more acts and several more soliloquies.  Even at the end of Act I, Hamlet indicates his ambivalence:  For, as he bids goodby to Horatio and Marcellus, Hamlet writes in his memorandum book and says,

Now to my word...I have sworn't. (I,v,110-112)

But, when Hamlet bids adieu to the ghost, he reflects,

The time is out of joint.  O cursed spite/That ever I was born to set it right! (I,v,187-188)

indicating his reluctance to act.  The appearance of his father's ghost causes Hamlet to consider regicide which he hesitates to commit since he could be put to death himself for such an act.  Still, in Act II he berates himself that he cannot bring himself to commit the act of revenge for which he has more "motive and cue for passion" (II,ii,517) than the actor whom he watches, an actor who conveys more spirit than Hamlet.  In his soliloquy, Hamlet continues his self-recrimination:

Why, what an ass am I!  This is most brave,/That I, the son of a dear father murdered,/Prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell,/Must like a whore unpack my heart with words,/And fall a-cursing like a very drab,/II,ii,539-543)

That he cannot punish his mother is extremely frustrating to Hamlet as he is disgusted with the lust she displays at her age as well as her disloyalty to his father's memory:

Fraility, thy name is woman" (I,ii,146)...O shame, where is thy blush? (III,iv,82)

While his melancholy increases, so does Hamlet's inaction.  Having been prevented from acting against his mother tortures Hamlet mentally, and this anguish causes him to continue his deliberation rather than acting.  In fact, Hamlet even contemplates suicide in his famous "to be, or not to be" soliloquy.  But, "conscience does make cowards of us all"(III,i,83) as Hamlet worries about the spiritual punishment for suicide.

In Act III, Hamlet continues his self-debate:  He considers avenging his father's death as he sees Claudius alone; however, he realizes this killing would benefit Claudius:

A villain kills my father, and for that,/I his sole son, do this same villain send/To heaven. (III,iii,76-78)

Finally, Hamlet with his "dull revenge" (IV,iv,32) sees Fortinbras with his army and realizes that this prince is willing to die on a battlefield for the mere sake of honor, Hamlet is moved to action:

Witness this army of such mass and charge,/Led by a delicate and tender prince,/...Exposing what is mortal and unsure/To all that fortune, death, and danger dare,/Even for an eggshell.  Rightly to be great/Is not to stir without great argument,/But greatly to find quarrel in a straw/When honor's at the stake.  how stand I then,/That have a father killed, a mother stained,/Excitements of my reason and my blood,/And let all sleep, while to my shame I see/The imminent deth of twenty thousand men/That for a fantasy and trick of fame/Go to their graves like beds....O, from this time forth,/My thoughts be bloody, or be nothing worth!(IV,iv,47-66)

So, by the end of Act IV, Hamlet is where he started from in Act I.

What do chapters 16-20 of "The Fountainhead" have to do with Objectivism?How would I be able to show a visual aid for objectivism and the summary...

In this section of the novel Roark has destroyed a low-cost multi-unit housing project because the “group of architects have destroyed his original design.  With the help of Dominique Wynand, Roark blows up the complex.  Dominique cuts her wrists in an effort to make it look like she was injured in the explosion and she nearly dies.   Meanwhile Wynand takes a stand in support of Roark.  This is an unpopular stand at the newspaper and Ellsworth Toohey decides to take advantage of the situation.  He plans to bring down the Banner and Wynand with a planned strike by the employees of the paper.  For a short time Dominique and Wynand are able to keep the paper open and going to the presses.  However, Wynand is finally pushed to the limit and he gives in to the demands of Toohey and the power brokers.  He sells out his values to keep the paper open rather than see it fall.

At his trial, Roark defends himself and his summation to the jury is the crux of Rand’s philosophy of Objectivism.  Roark tells the jury that the design of the building was his.  He told them that he made a contract with Peter Keating to get the project built on the condition that no changes are made to his design.  Keating caved in to the pressure of the other designers and let them change the design.  Roark justifies the destruction of his own work and is found innocent of all charges.

These chapters directly prove the power of Objectivism if for no other reason than Roark’s defense of his actions.

“The fundamental issue in life is survival. Roark points out that man comes onto earth with none of the goods necessary for his survival. Everything required for human life is a product of mans own effort. Man faces a constant alternative: He can survive by means of his own effort or as a leech fed by the productive work of others. “The creator originates. The parasite borrows. The creator faces nature alone. The parasite faces nature through an intermediary. The creator’s concern is the conquest of nature. The parasite’s concern is the conquest of men.”(chap 19)

This is Objectivism.  A great visual aid for this might be to Photoshop a 100.00 bill and then superimpose the word OBJECTIVISM onto the bill.  You can see the word, but the big block letters will have the texture or picture of money.