Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell. They supply nearly all the required biological energy. Only the mitochondria are fully capable of converting pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide and water. Mitochondria are the respiratory centres of the cell. Cell respiration can be divided into four phases: 1) glycolysis, 2) oxidation of pyruvic acid, 3) krebs citric acid cycle and 4) oxidative phosphorylation through the hydrogen/ electron transport system. Glycolysis involves the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid. The enzymes for glycolysis are found in the cytosol, outside the mitochondrion. During oxidation of pyruvic acid, Pyruvic acid is degraded to acetyl-CoA, with the liberation of a pair to hydrogen.
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