How did Progressives propose to extend opportunities to all citizens? Were they successful in these efforts? Why or why not?U. S. history

As to how progressives proposed to extend opportunities to all citizens, they proposed to use government force to force all citizens to behave as they thought all citizens should behave.  When people are free, they naturally do what is best for themselves.  If government is preventing them from doing what is best for themselves, then they are not free.  Obviously it is government's job to keep people from stealing from each other, but if people are not already doing all for themselves that is good for themselves and that can be done without doing harm to other people, then they are not free.

So, since progressives thought it necessary for their programs to be government programs, it follows that either they were trying to force people to do things that were not good for themselves, or people were not  always free to do for themselves.

The actual situation was probably a mixture.  Certainly, progressives envisioned things for society that people did not want.  Also, powerful interests in society who had political influence with government, kept some people from doing what was good for them.  Existing laws should have been enforced against those powerful interests that were curbing some people's freedoms.  Instead the progressives wanted to create new government programs.  Two wrongs do not make a right.  There were two wrongs, because government cannot give anything to anyone without first taking it from somebody else. 

There is a link below to a very good summary of progressivist thought.