These are the three basic types of cell precursors in fetal development. As the zygote develops, initially all cells are the same. But as development progresses, cells become specialized, and the three types you have listed give rise to specific tissues. The link I have added below spells the types out specifically, using a nice graphic.
In general, ectoderm develops into parts of the skin, the brain and the nervous system. Mesoderm gives rise to bones, muscles, the heart and circulatory system, and internal sex organs. Endoderm turns into the inner lining of some systems, and some organs such as the liver and pancreas.
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