It is not necessary that air pollution will always cause asthma. But surely air pollution increases the chance of inducing asthma attack in people prone to it.
Asthma is a kind of allergy, in which our breathing system over reacts to any allergic substances present in the air we breath.Different persons may be allergic to different substances and even different kind of smells. When an asthmatic person's body mechanism detects presence of such offending substances, the body reacts as if the substance is very harmful and automatically tries to block its entry by contracting the wind pipe. This makes it difficult for the person to breath, and this is the condition we call asthma.
A person may be allergic to something quite harmless to normal persons, for example pollens from flowers that are frequently present in good healthy air also. However, such a person is very likely to be allergic also to pollutants in the air such as dust, smoke, chemical vapours, or any strong and foul smell.
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